Find Electron Arrangements of Elements
Calculate the electron configuration of any element using the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and Pauli exclusion principle. Our calculator provides full and noble gas notation configurations for all elements in the periodic table.
Enter an element's symbol or atomic number to calculate its electron configuration.
An online condensed electron configuration calculator helps you determine the electron configuration of any element. This valence electron calculator displays the abbreviated configuration and the atomic number of each element. Read on to understand abbreviated electron configuration, shells, subshells, and how to find the electron configuration of an atom or element.
In quantum chemistry and atomic physics, the electron configuration of an atom or molecule describes the distribution of electrons in different atomic or molecular orbitals. It also describes every electron as moving freely in an orbital within an average field generated by other orbitals. For example, the electron configuration of Phosphorus (P) is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³.
Usually, physicists and chemists use the isotope notation calculator to refer to how to calculate electronic configurations of molecules and atoms. For atoms, the standard notation consists of a series of atomic subshell labels (for example, Phosphorus's sequence of notation is 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p), where the number of electrons assigned to each subshell is used as a superscript. For example, hydrogen has just 1 electron in the s orbital of the first shell, so its electron configuration notation is recorded as 1s¹. Lithium has two electrons in the 1s subshell and one electron in the 2s subshell (higher energy), so its electron configuration is 1s² 2s¹. For further verification, keep using this electron configuration generator.
Our ground state electron configuration calculator with charges also depicts an abbreviated way of finding electron configuration. If you want to do it manually, follow the steps below to write shorthand electron configurations:
However, an Online Angular Velocity Calculator allows you to determine the angular velocity of a body in motion on a circular path.
Electron shells are a set of feasible states that have the same principal quantum number n (the number before the letter on the orbital) that the electron can occupy. An atom with an nth electron shell can hold 2n² electrons, which means the first shell can hold 2 electrons, the second shell can hold 8 electrons, and so on.
A subshell is a set of states defined by the total azimuth quantum number ℓ in the shell. The range of ℓ values is from 0 to n-1. The values of ℓ = 0, 1, 2, and 3 correspond to the orbitals s, p, d, and f, respectively.
It is believed that the atomic mass of an element is closely related to the atomic number because if the atomic mass is high, then the atomic number is also high. So, what is the difference between atomic mass and atomic number? Let's look at some key differences.
| Atomic Mass | Atomic Number |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass is related to the number of neutrons and protons present in a particular nucleus of an element. | The atomic number is usually the number of protons present in the nucleus of an element, which you can also determine using this best atomic number calculator. |
| It is the average weight of an atom or molecule. | It is the total number of nucleons in the atom’s nucleus. |
| Atomic mass is always denoted by A. | The atomic number is always denoted by Z. |
| The atomic mass unit (AMU) is usually used to measure atomic mass. | An atomic number is a number used to place elements in the periodic table. |
However, an Online Photon Energy Calculator will allow you to find the energy of a photon from its wavelength & frequency.
An online valence electrons calculator finds the abbreviated or condensed electron configuration of an element with these instructions:
There are three important rules used for electron configuration: the Pauli Exclusion Principle, the Aufbau Principle, and Hund's Rule. Understanding the basic theory behind all these principles is essential, and this online electron configuration finder will help you better understand these concepts.
K represents the first level of energy, L represents the second level of energy, M represents the third level of energy in an atom or molecule, and so on. In other words, the symbols KLMN only represent the number of electrons in an atom. This free electron configuration calculator is designed to arrange the number of electrons in these shells accordingly.
The mass of an electron is much smaller than that of a proton, with only 9.11 x 10⁻²⁸ grams or about 1/1800 atomic mass units. Therefore, electrons do not significantly increase or decrease the total atomic mass of an element.
The following mnemonic helps in remembering the first 6 elements of the periodic table:
“Happy Henry Lives Beside Boron Cottage”
Where:
Moreover, when it comes to the configuration of these elements, this electron configuration calculator stands out by providing a clear orbital notation for each atom.
An online noble gas electron configuration calculator provides a condensed method of finding the electron configuration, atomic number, and atomic mass of elements. This free orbital diagram calculator can quickly and easily tell you how many electron orbitals an atom has and how many electrons are in each orbital.
Electron configuration describes the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals. Notation: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ where number is shell, letter is orbital type (s,p,d,f), and superscript is number of electrons. Aufbau principle: fill lowest energy orbitals first. Orbital capacity: s=2, p=6, d=10, f=14.
General filling order: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p. Notable exceptions: Chromium [Ar]3d⁵4s¹ (not 3d⁴4s²) and Copper [Ar]3d¹⁰4s¹ (not 3d⁹4s²) prefer half-filled or filled d subshells for stability.
Electron configuration determines: chemical bonding behavior, element placement in periodic table, magnetic properties (paired vs unpaired electrons), ion formation patterns, spectroscopic properties, and reactivity. Essential for chemistry, materials science, and understanding atomic structure.
